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1.Computers：Getting Started 计算机入门 1

1.1 What Is a Computer？ 1

1.2 A Computer System 4

1.3 How a Computer Works 5

1.4 A Plan of Attack 6

Self-Test 7

关键字解释 9

词汇 10

课文注释 12

参考译文 12

2.The Processor and Main Memory 处理器和主存储器 17

2.1 Inside a Computer 17

2.2 The Binary Number System 17

2.3 Main Memory 19

2.4 The Processor 24

Self—Test 37

关键字解释 40

词汇 43

课文注释 44

参考译文 45

3.Input and Output 输入和输出 52

3.1 Accessing a Computer 52

3.2 Basic I/O 52

3.3 Graphics 53

3.4 Other Input and Output Devices 55

3.5 Linking the Components 57

Self—Test 60

关键字解释 62

词汇 64

课文注释 65

参考译文 66

4.Secondary Storage 辅助存储器 72

4.1 Why Secondary Storage？ 72

4.2 Secondary Storage Media 72

4.3 Accessing Secondary Storage 76

Self—Test 79

关键字解释 82

词汇 85

课文注释 86

参考译文 87

5.Linking the Components 部件的链接 92

5.1 Micros and Mainframes 92

5.2 Microcomputer Architecture 95

5.3 Mainframe Architecture 97

Self—Test 100

关键字解释 102

词汇 104

课文注释 105

参考译文 105

6.The Operating System 操作系统 112

6.1 The Hardware/Software Interface 112

6.2 Communicating with the Operating System 113

6.3 The Input/Output Control System 116

6.4 Loading the Operating System 119

6.5 An Example 120

6.6 Some Operating Systems 121

Self—Test 123

关键字解释 126

词汇 127

课文注释 128

参考译文 129

7.Application Software 应用软件 136

7.1 What Is Software？ 136

7.2 Programming Languages 138

7.3 Libraries 142

7.4 The Program Development Process 145

7.5 Writing Your Own Programs 147

Self—Test 149

关键字解释 152

词汇 154

课文注释 155

参考译文 155

8.Data Management 数据管理 163

8.1 Why Data Management？ 163

8.2 Accessing Data 163

8.3 Access Methods 171

8.4 Database Management 174

Self—Test 177

关键字解释 180

词汇 183

课文注释 183

参考译文 184

9.Systems Analysis and Design 系统的分析与设计 192

9.1 Systems 192

9.2 Systems Analysis 192

Self—Test 203

关键字解释 205

词汇 207

课文注释 208

参考译文 209

10.Multiprogramming and Multiprocessing 多道程序设计与多重处理 216

10.1 Multiprogramming 216

10.2 Multiprogramming Operating Systems 217

10.3 Time—Sharing 223

10.4 Multiprocessing 224

Self-Test 228

关键字解释 230

词汇 233

课文注释 234

参考译文 234

11.Compter Networks 计算机网络 242

11.1 Data Communication 242

11.2 Linking Terminals and Computers 244

11.3 Data Communication Software 245

11.4 Networking 246

Self—Test 251

关键字解释 253

词汇 256

课文注释 257

参考译文 257

12.Distributed Computer Systems 分布式计算机系统 264

12.1 Review of Computing History 264

12.2 Why Should We Develop Distributed Computer 266

12.3 What Is a Distributed Computer System（DCS）？ 267

12.4 Distributed Oparating System（DOS）vs.Network Operating System（NOS） 270

Self-Test 271

关键字解释 274

词汇 276

课文注释 277

参考译文 278

13.Bridges，Routers and Gateway 桥、路由器与信关 285

13.1 Benefits 285

13.2 Interconnectioin Basics 286

13.3 Bridges 287

13.4 Subnetworks 289

13.5 Routers 290

13.6 Gateways 291

13.7 Advantages 292

13.8 Intelligent Gateways 294

13.9 Conclusion 295

Self-Test 295

关键字解释 297

词汇 298

课文注释 298

参考译文 299

14.On Client/Server Computing 关于客户机/服务器计算技术 307

14.1 Three Kinds of LAN Applications 307

14.2 Traditional File Servers and C/S Computing 308

14.3 C/S vs.Co-operative Processing 308

14.4 C/S vs.Peer to Peer Networks 310

14.5 Middleware and C/S Computing 311

Self-Test 312

关键字解释 314

词汇 316

课文注释 317

参考译文 318

15.Computer Security 计算机安全 322

15.1 Computer Virus 322

15.2 What's in a Password？ 323

15.3 Network Security 325

15.4 Encryption and Its Standards 327

Self-Test 328

关键字解释 331

词汇 333

课文注释 334

参考译文 335

16.Object Technology 对象技术 341

16.1 Introduction to OT 341

16.2 OT-based Products 342

16.3 Object-Oriented Programming 344

16.4 Object-Oriented DBMS 345

Self-Test 347

关键字解释 349

词汇 351

课文注释 352

参考译文 353

17.Multimedia Technology 多媒体技术 358

17.1 The Emergence of Multimedia 358

17.2 What Is Multimedia 360

17.3 Multimedia Technology 361

17.4 What Is MPC 363

Self-Test 364

关键字解释 367

词汇 369

课文注释 370

参考译文 370

18.RAID Technology 廉价磁盘冗余阵列技术 376

18.1 Introduction 376

18.2 What Is RAID and Where Does It Fit？ 377

18.3 Parity：The Fisrt Step Toward Fault-tolerant Disks 378

18.4 RAID Level0 378

18.5 RAID Level1 379

18.6 RAID Level3 380

18.7 RAID Level5 381

18.8 RAID Software 382

Self-Test 383

关键字解释 385

词汇 386

课文注释 387

参考译文 388

19.Some Problems about Robots 关于机器人的几个问题 395

19.1 Robot Community Reaches Classification Consensus 395

19.2 Reduce Downtime with Off-Line Programming 399

Self-Test 404

关键字解释 406

词汇 407

课文注释 408

参考译文 408

20.Artificial Neural Networks and their Applications 人工神经网络及应用 417

20.1 An Introduction to Neural Networks 417

20.2 Neural Netowrks and AI 418

20.3 Neural Hardware：Neuron Chip 420

20.4 Neural Netowrk Applications 422

Self-Test 424

关键字解释 427

词汇 428

课文注释 430

参考译文 430

附录 Answers 438

参考资料 440