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Unit 1 1

Ⅰ．Introduction 1

1．A Brief Survey 1

2．Significance of the Course 1

3．Objectives of the Course 3

Ⅱ．Practice—Education 4

Practice 1 4

Activity 1 4

Activity 2 5

Activity 3 5

Activity 4 6

Activity 5 6

Practice 2 Interpretation at Paragraph/Passage Level 6

Ⅲ．Topic-Related Words and Expressions 10

Unit 2 14

Ⅰ．Types of Interpretation 14

1．Oral-Oral Interpretation 14

2．Written-Oral Interpretation 14

3．Oral-Written Interpretation 14

Ⅱ．Practice—Transportation and Communication 15

Practice 1 15

Activity 1 15

Activity 2 15

Activity 3 16

Activity 4 16

Activity 5 17

Practice 2 Interpretation at Paragraph/Passage Level 17

Ⅲ．Topic-Related Words and Expressions 21

Unit 3 25

Ⅰ．Standard Model,Criteria and Quality of Oral Translation 25

1．The Standard Model of Oral Translation Practice 25

2．Criteria for Evaluation 26

3．Factors That Influence the Quality of Oral Translation 26

Ⅱ．Practice—Environmental Protection 26

Practice 1 26

Activity 1 27

Activity 2 28

Activity 3 28

Activity 4 28

Activity 5 28

Practice 2 Interpretation at Paragraph/Passage Level 29

Ⅲ．Topic-Related Words and Expressions 35

Unit 4 38

Ⅰ．Features of Oral Translation 38

1．Features of Oral Translation 38

2．Laws Governing the Contradictory Movement in Oral Translation 38

Ⅱ．Practice—Medicine and Health Care 39

Practice 1 39

Activity 1 39

Activity 2 40

Activity 3 40

Activity 4 41

Activity 5 41

Activity 6 41

Practice 2 Interpretation at Paragraph/Passage Level 42

Ⅲ．Topic-Related Words and Expressions 47

Unit 5 51

Ⅰ．The Process of Oral Translation Practice 51

Ⅱ．Practice—Sports 52

Practice 1 52

Activity 1 52

Activity 2 53

Activity 3 53

Activity 4 54

Activity 5 54

Practice 2 Interpretation at Paragraph/Passage Level 55

Ⅲ．Topic-Related Words and Expressions 61

Unit 6 64

Ⅰ．A General Review of English Phonetics 64

1．What is Phonetics? 64

2．The Speech Organs 64

3．Orthographic Representation of Speech Sounds 65

4．Major Articulatory Variables 65

5．Classification of Speech Sounds 65

6．Phonological Rules 66

7．Common Errors in Pronunciation 67

Ⅱ．Practice—Science and Technology 71

Practice 1 71

Activity 1 71

Activity 2 72

Activity 3 72

Activity 4 73

Activity 5 73

Practice 2 Interpretation at Paragraph/Passage Level 74

Ⅲ．Topic-Related Words and Expressions 78

Unit 7 80

Ⅰ．The Role of Memory in Oral Translation 80

Ⅱ．Practice—Current Political Affairs 82

Practice 1 82

Activity 1 83

Activity 2 83

Activity 3 84

Activity 4 84

Activity 5 84

Practice 2 Interpretation at Paragraph/Passage Level 85

Ⅲ．Topic-Related Words and Expressions 90

Unit 8 93

Ⅰ．Numerals(1) 93

1．Any Number Exceeding"a Thousand" 93

2．A Suggested Model 93

3．The Decimal Point 93

4．Indefinite Numbers 94

Ⅱ．Practice—Industry and Agriculture 94

Ptactice 1 94

Activity 1 94

Activity 2 94

Activity 3 95

Activity 4 95

Activity 5 96

Activity 6 96

Activity 7 97

Practice 2 Interpretation at Paragraph/Passage Level 97

Ⅲ．Topic-Related Words and Expressions 101

Unit 9 105

Ⅰ．Numerals(2) 105

5．Fraction Numerals 105

6．Percentage 105

7．Four Sentence Patterns 105

8．Numerals in Chinese Idioms and Translations 106

Ⅱ．Practice—Economy,Business and Trade(1) 106

Practice 1 106

Activity 1 107

Activity 2 107

Activity 3 107

Activity 4 107

Activity 5 108

Practice 2 Interpretation at Paragraph/Passage Level 108

Ⅲ．Topic-Related Words and Expressions 113

Unit 10 116

Ⅰ．Rendering Ideas Not Merely Words 116

Ⅱ．Practice—Speeches 120

Practice 1 120

Activity 1 121

Activity 2 121

Activity 3 121

Activity 4 122

Practice 2 Interpretation at Paragraph/Passage Level 123

Unit 11 133

Ⅰ．Note-Taking 133

1．How to Take Quick Notes 133

2．Space,Numbers and Letters,Common Symbols and Signs,Common Abbrevia-tions,Etc 133

Ⅱ．Practice—Economy,Business and Trade(2) 135

Practice 1 135

Activity 1 135

Activity 2 137

Activity 3 138

Activity 4 138

Activity 5 138

Practice 2 Interpretation at Paragraph/Passage Level 139

Ⅲ．Topic-Related Words and Expressions 144

Unit 12 147

Ⅰ．Oral Translation and Listening Comprehension 147

1．About Human Listening 147

2．Listening and Receiving Aural Data 147

3．Characteristics of Listening Activities 148

4．Listening with the Eye 148

Ⅱ．Practice—Art and Literature 149

Practice 1 149

Activity 1 149

Activity 2 149

Activity 3 150

Practice 2 Interpretation at Paragraph/Passage Level 151

Ⅲ．Topic-Related Words and Expressions 156

Unit 13 159

Ⅰ．Oral Translation and Culture 159

1．Language and Cultural Differences 159

2．Oral Translation,Cultural Differences and Intercultural Communication 160

3．A Brief Discussion of the Interpretation/Translation of the Culture-Loaded Ex-pressions 161

Ⅱ．Practice—Culture 162

Practice 1 162

Activity 1 162

Activity 2 162

Activity 3 162

Activity 4 163

Practice 2 Interpretation at Paragraph/Passage Level 164

Unit 14 170

Ⅰ．Essentials for Oral Translation 170

1．Competence 170

2．Concentration 170

3．Comprehension 171

4．Conscientiousness 171

5．Clarity 171

6．Courtesy 171

Ⅱ．Practice—Tourism(1) 172

Practice 1 172

Activity 1 172

Activity 2 172

Activity 3 172

Practice 2 Interpretation at Paragraph/Passage Level 173

Ⅲ．Topic-Related Words and Expressions 180

Unit 15 182

Ⅰ．Understanding 182

1．Content 182

2．Speaker 182

3．Logic 183

4．Puirpose 183

Ⅱ．Practice—Tourism(2) 184

Practice 1 184

Activity 1 184

Activity 2 184

Practice 2 Interpretation at Paragraph/Passage Level 185

Ⅲ．Topic-Related Words and Expressions 193

Unit 16 195

Ⅰ．Some Commonly-Used Skills in Interpretation 195

1．Asking 195

2．Guessing 195

3．Skipping 195

4．Reading 196

5．Voiced Silence and Vague Words and Expressions 196

6．Pause 196

Ⅱ．Practice—Music and Entertainment 197

Practice 1 197

Activity 1 197

Activity 2 197

Practice 2 Interpretation at Paragraph/Passage Level 199

Ⅲ．Topic-Related Words and Expressions 204

Unit 17 206

Ⅰ．Style 206

1．Stylistic Features 206

2．Style and Oral Translation 207

3．Stylistic Features at Phonological,Syntactical and Lexical Levels 207

Ⅱ．Practice—Religion 208

Practice 1 208

Activity 1 208

Activity 2 209

Practice 2 Interpretation at Paragraph/Passage Level 210

Ⅲ．Topic-Related Words and Expressions 216

Unit 18 218

Ⅰ．Similarities and Differences Between Consecutive and Simultaneous Interpretation 218

Ⅱ．Qualities and Requirements of an Interpreter 219

Ⅲ．Practice—Texts and Longer Passages on Diverse Subjects 220

Practice 1 Reading,Repetition,Recitation and Interpretation 220

Practice 2 Interpretation at Text/Longer Passage Level 220