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Chapter 1 Overview of Civil Engineering 1

1.1 Introduction of Civil Engineering 1

Section A The Origin of Civil Engineering 1

Section B What Is a Civil Engineer 3

1.2 The Importance of Civil Engineering 5

Section A The Role of Civil Engineering in Society 5

Section B Historic Civil Engineering Landmarks 6

References 9

Chapter 2 Types of Civil Engineering 11

2.1 Structural Engineering 11

Section A Introduction of Structural Engineering 11

Section B Basic Types of Structures 13

2.2 Bridge Engineering 15

2.3 Underground Engineering 17

Section A Introduction of Metropolitan Railway 17

Section B Introduction of Tunnel Engineering 18

2.4 Road Engineering 20

Section A Introduction of Road Engineering 20

Section B Maintenance of Road Engineering 22

References 24

Chapter 3 Materials of Civil Engineering 26

3.1 Concrete 26

Section A Introduction of Concrete 26

Section B Properties of Concrete 27

3.2 Steel 29

3.3 Masonry 30

References 31

Chapter 4 Loads and Actions in Civil Engineering 32

4.1 Dead Load and Live Load 32

4.2 Wind Load and Wind Damage 33

Section A Introduction of Wind Load 33

Section B Classification of Wind Load 34

Section C Horizontal Wind Loads and Roof Wind Loads on Structural Frames 35

Section D Wind for Components and Wind Damage 36

4.3 Earthquake Action and Damage 38

Section A Earthquake Action 38

Section B Earthquake Damage 39

4.4 Tsunami Damage to the Structure of Civil Engineering 41

Section A Tsunami Damage 41

Section B Tsunami Damage to Buildings 43

Section C Resistance of Tsunamis for Structures 44

References 45

Chapter 5 Members of Civil Engineering 46

5.1 Horizontal Forced Structural Members 46

Section A Introduction of Beam 46

Section B Forces within a Beam 48

Section C Shear Strength and Parameters 50

Section D Coupling Beams 52

Section E Flat Plates 54

Section F Behavior of Concrete Slabs 56

Section G Floor Framing Systems 57

5.2 Vertical Forced Structural Members 59

Section A Introduction of Column 59

Section B Increasing Compressive Strength 60

Section C High-strength Steel in Concrete Columns 62

Section D Confinement in Reinforced Concrete Columns 63

Section E Introduction of Concrete Structural Wall 65

Section F Behavior of Structural Wall 67

Section G Steel Plate Shear Walls 69

5.3 Arch 70

Section A Introduction of Arches 70

Section B Development of Arch Bridges 71

5.4 Truss 74

Section A Introduction of Truss 74

Section B Analysis of Internal Force 75

Section C Production and Installation of a Truss 77

References 78

Chapter 6 Basic Types of Engineering Structure 82

6.1 Reinforced Concrete Structures 82

Section A Application of Reinforced Concrete Structures 82

Section B Performance of Reinforced Concrete Structures 83

6.2 Steel Structure 85

Section A Introduction of Steel Structures 85

Section B Incheon International Airport 87

6.3 Classification of Steel Concrete Composite Structure 88

Section A Steel Concrete Composite Structure 88

Section B Concrete-filled Steel Tube Column 89

6.4 The Modern Complex High-rise Building Structure 90

Section A Performance-based Seismic Design 90

Section B Performance Objectives of PBSD 92

References 93

Chapter 7 Bridge Engineering 95

7.1 Introduction of Bridge Engineering 95

Section A History of Bridge 95

Section B London Millennium Footbridge 96

7.2 Classification of Bridge 98

Section A Rigid Beam and Cantilever 98

Section B Suspension and Arch 99

7.3 Design of Bridge 100

Section A Design of Bridge Structure 100

Section B Numerical Analysis of Bridge Structures 101

References 102

Chapter 8 Underground Engineering 104

8.1 Introduction of Underground Engineering 104

Section A Exploitation of Underground Space 104

Section B The Underground Strategy 105

8.2 Underground Tunnel Engineering 106

Section A Tunneling Risk 106

Section B A New Requirement of Tunneling 107

8.3 Development of Underground Space Structure 108

Section A Web-based Shield Tunnel Construction Information System 108

Section B Urban Underground Space Planning 110

References 111

Chapter 9 Road Engineering 114

9.1 Urban Road 114

Section A Introduction of Urban Road 114

Section B Development of Road Engineering 115

9.2 Freeway Engineering 117

Section A Design of Freeway 117

Section B Development of Freeway 118

References 119

Chapter 10 Foundation Engineering 122

10.1 Introduction of Foundation 122

Section A A Shallow Foundation 122

Section B Types of Pile Foundation 124

10.2 The Principles of Foundation Design 126

Section A What Is Foundation Design 126

Section B Causes of Settlement 127

References 128

Chapter 11 Performance-based Seismic Design 129

11.1 Introduction of Performance-based Seismic Design 129

Section A The Origin of Performance-based Seismic Design 129

Section B Development of Performance-based Seismic Design 130

11.2 Structural Seismic Demand and Seismic Capacity 132

Section A Structural Seismic Demand 132

Section B Structural Seismic Capacity 133

11.3 Loss Evaluation in Earthquake Events 135

Section A Methodologies of Earthquake Economic Loss Estimate 135

Section B Earthquake Disaster 136

References 137

Chapter 12 Isolation and Energy Dissipation Damper Technology 141

12.1 Seismic Isolation Technology 141

Section A Introduction of Seismic Isolation Technology 141

Section B Functions of Seismic Isolation Technology 143

12.2 Energy Dissipation System 144

Section A Introduction of Energy Dissipation System 144

Section B Classification of Dampers 146

References 148

Chapter 13 Retrofitting Techniques for Seismic Strengthening 150

13.1 Outline of Retrofitting Techniques for Seismic Strengthening 150

Section A Origin of Retrofitting Techniques for Seismic Strengthening 150

Section B The Importance of Retrofitting Techniques for Seismic Strengthening 151

Section C Problems of Retrofitting Techniques for Seismic Strengthening 153

13.2 Types of Retrofitting Techniques for Seismic Strengthening 155

Section A Classification of Retrofitting Techniques for Seismic Strengthening 155

Section B Introduction of Fibre Reinforced Polymer 157

13.3 Applications of Materials in Seismic Strengthening 159

Section A Applications of Composite Materials 159

Section B Steel Plates in Seismic Strengthening 161

References 162