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Background Knowledge　背景知识 1

Text　课文 1

Introduction to the Legal System in the United States 美国法律制度导言 1

Part One Features and Characteristics 1

1　Lesson One:Legal System　法律制度 1

Part Two　Common Law and Equity Law 2

1．Questions about the text 5

2．Dictation Legal Systems 5

Exercises　练习 5

3．Discussion What is the best way to study legal English? 6

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 6

2 Lesson Two:Legal Profession　法律职业 10

Background Knowledge　背景知识 10

Text　课文 10

Overview of the Legal Profession in the United States 美国法律职业概览 10

Part One　The Bar 10

Part Three　House Counsel 12

Part Two　Lawyers in Private Practice 12

Part Four　Lawyers in Govemment 13

Exercises　练习 15

1．Questions about the text 15

2．Dictation One Lawyer in the Heaven 16

3．Discussion Do you want to be a judge or a lawyer? 16

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 16

3　Lesson Three:Legal Education　法律教育 26

Background Knowledge　背景知识 26

Text　课文 27

Introduction to the Legal Education in the United States 美国法律教育介绍 27

Paat One Curriculum and the Case Method 27

Part Two Law School Hierarchy 28

Exercises　练习 31

1．Questions about the text 31

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 32

2．Dictation American Law Faculty 32

3．Discussion Which teaching method is better for law study:case method or lecture method? 32

4 Lesson Four:Judicial System　司法系统 38

Background Knowledge　背景知识 38

Text　课文 39

Overview of the Judicial System in the United States　美国司法系统概览 39

Part One　Courts 39

Part Two　Judges 40

Exercises　练习　 43

1．Questions about the text 43

2．Dictation The Supreme Court of the United States　　 43

3．Discussion　Comparison of centralized and decentralized court systems　　 43

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文　 44

Text　课文 51

Part One　The Constitution as Supreme Law 51

Brief Introduction to the Constitution of the United States　美国宪法简介 51

Background Knowledge　背景知识 51

5 Lesson Five:Constitution　宪法 51

Part Two　The Principles of Govemment 52

Part Three　Provisions for Amendment 53

Exercises　练习 55

1．Questions about the text 55

2．Dictation The Constitution of the United States 56

3．Discussion What is the principle of checks and balances? 56

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 57

6 Lesson Six:Administrative Law　行政法 63

Background Knowledge　背景知识 63

Text　课文 63

Brief Introduction to the Administrative Law in the United States　美国行政法简介 63

Part One Agency Action and Administrative Law 63

Part Two　Paradigms and Models 65

3．Rulemaking exercise　Rules of the classroom． 68

2．Dictation　Rulemaking 68

Exercises　练习 68

1．Questions about the text 68

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 69

7 Lesson Seven:Criminal Law　刑法 75

Background Knowledge　背景知识 75

Text　课文 75

The Crime of Homicide　杀人罪 75

Part One　Murder 76

Part Two　Manslaughter 77

Part Three　Federal Homicide Law 79

Part Four　Modem Murder-Manslaughter Legislation 79

Part Five　Capital Punishment　　 80

Exercises　练习 82

1．Questions about the text 82

2 Listening comprehension The Case of Hinckley 83

3．Discussion Issues about Hinckley case． 83

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文　　 84

8 Lesson Eight:Civil Rights Law　民权法 93

Background Knowledge　背景知识 93

Text　课文 93

Walker v.IRS　沃克诉国内税收署案 93

Exercises　练习 98

1．Questions about the text 98

2．Dictation　I Have a Dream 98

3．Discussion Walker v.IRS 99

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 100

9 Lesson Nine:Contract Law　合同法 105

Background Knowledge　背景知识 105

Text　课文 106

Introduction to Contract Law　合同法导论 106

Part One Contract and Contract Law 106

Part Two Authority of Contract Law 108

1．Questions about the text 113

Exercises　练习 113

3．Mock trial Williams v.Walker-Thomas Furniture Co. 114

2．Listening comprehension Williams v.Walker-Thomas Furniture Co. 114

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 115

10 Lesson Ten:Tort Law　侵权法 119

Background Knowledge　背景知识 119

Text　课文 119

Introduction to Tort Law　侵权法导论 119

Part One　Basic Issues 119

Part Two Intentional Torts 120

Part Three　Liability for Negligence 120

Part Four Tort Law Reform:Strict Liability and"No-Fault" 121

2．Dictation The Difference of Tort Law 125

3．Discussion McGuire v.Almy 125

Exercises　练习 125

1．Questions about the text 125

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 127

11　Lesson Eleven:Property Law　财产法 131

Background Knowledge　背景知识 131

Text　课文 131

Real Property Law　不动产法 131

Part One Introduction 131

Part Three　The Role of the Lawyer in Real Property Transactions 133

Pan Two　The Fundamentals of Real Property Law 133

Exercises　练习 136

1．Questions about the text 136

2．Dictation The Free Enterprise System 136

3．Simulation　Negotiation for a chinese-foreign joint venture 137

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 138

Part One　Basic Norms 150

Introduction to Corporation Law　公司法导论 150

Text　课文 150

12　Lesson Twelve:Corporation Law　公司法 150

Background Knowledge　背景知识 150

Part Two Forms of Business 152

Exercises　练习 156

1．Questions about the text 156

2．Dictation The Tenant v.the Landlord 156

3．Discussion Piercing the corporate veil 157

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 158

Insurance for Business　商务保险 167

Part One　Types of Insurance for Business 167

13　Lesson Thirteen:Insurance Law　保险法 167

Text　课文 167

Background Knowledge　背景知识 167

Part Two　Buy-sell Plan and Stock Retirement Plan 168

Exercises　练习 171

1．Questions about the text 171

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 172

2．Dictation The Safety Responsibility Law 172

3．Discussion Comparison of the health insurance system and the free medical care system(or the medical care system at public expense) 172

14 Lesson Fourteen:Commercial Law　商法 177

Background Knowledge　背景知识 177

Text　课文 177

Introduction to Commercial Law　商法导论 177

Part One　The Power of the Congress to Regulate Commerce 177

Part Two　The Interpretation of the Commerce Clause by the Supreme Court 178

Part Three　The Uniform Commercial Code 180

Exercises　练习 183

1．Questions about the text 183

2．Dictation The Skill of Negotiation 184

3．Negotiation exercise　Negotiation about buying mountain-tyre bicycles 184

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 185

Part One　Federal Taxation 189

Introduction to Tax Law　税法导论 189

Background Knowledge　背景知识 189

Text　课文 189

15 Lesson Fifteen:Tax Law　税法 189

Part Two　State Taxation 194

Exercises　练习 200

1．Questions about the text 200

2．Dictation Tax Law and Forms of Business 200

3．Legal writing Case briefing 201

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 201

16　Lesson Sixteen:Environmental Protection Law　环境保护法 211

Background Knowledge　背景知识 211

Environmental Protecion Laws and Orders in the United States 211

美国的环境保护法律和法令 211

Part One　National Environmental Policy Act(Enacted in 1970 Amended in 1975) 211

Part Two　Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-income Populations(Executive Order 12898,1994) 215

1．Questions about the text 220

Exercises　练习 220

Text　课文 221

2．Listening comprehension Oxford Industries v.EPA 221

3．Discussion　Oxford Industries v.EPA 222

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 222

17　Lesson Seventeen:Family Law　家庭法 230

Background Knowledge　背景知识 230

Text　课文 230

Marriage and Family　婚姻与家庭 230

Part One　The Right to Freedom of Choice 230

Part Two　The Judicial Opinion in Zablocki v.Redhail 232

Exercises　练习 237

1．Question about the text 237

2．Dictation Roe v.Wade 237

3．Discussion Should abortion be legal? 238

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 238

Part One　The Subject Matter 245

Introduction to Intellectual Property Law　知识产权法导论 245

18　Lesson Eighteen:Intellectual Property Law　知识产权法 245

Text　课文 245

Background Knowledge　背景知识 245

Part Two　Protection and Justification 246

Part Three　Sources of Law 247

Exercises　练习 249

1．Questions about the text 249

2．Dictation　Intellectual Property Rights 250

3．Discussion Infringements and defenses about copyright 250

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 251

19　Lesson Nineteen:WTO Rules　世贸组织规则 260

Background Knowledge　背景知识 260

Text　课文 260

Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes(DSU) 纠纷解决程序与规则谅解书 260

Article 1　Coverage and Application 260

Article 7　Terms of Reference of Panels 261

Article 6　Establishment of Panels 261

Article 8　Composition of Panels 262

Exercises　练习 264

1．Questions about the text 264

2．Dictation　International Economic Law 265

3．Discussion　Import monopoly and mark-up 265

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 266

20　Lesson Twenty:Civil Procedure　民事诉讼程序 275

Background Knowledge　背景知识 275

Text　课文 275

Introduction to Civil Procedure　民事诉讼程序导论 275

Part One　The Course of Civil Procedure 275

Part Two　The Adversary Trial System 276

Part Three　The Process of Trial 277

Part Four　The Rules of Evidence 278

2．Dictation　Courtroom English 281

1．Questions about the text 281

Exercises　练习 281

3 Preparation for a trial 282

4 Examples of jury instructions given by the trial judge 285

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 287

21 Lesson Twenty One:Criminal Procedure　刑事诉讼程序 294

Background Knowledge　背景知识 294

Text　课文 294

Introduction to Criminal Procedure　刑事诉讼程序导论 294

Part One The Adversary System 294

Part Two The Accusatorial System 297

Part Three　Standards of Proof 299

Exercises　练习 302

1．Questions about the text 302

2．Dictation　Examination of Witnesses 303

3．Practice Direct-examination and cross-examination 303

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 307

22 Lesson Twenty Two:Rules of Evidence　证据规则 323

Background Knowledge　背景知识 323

Text　课文 324

Federal Rules of Evidence　联邦证据规则 324

Article Ⅰ．General Provisions 324

Article Ⅳ．Relevancy and Its Limits 325

Article Ⅶ．Opinions and Expert Testimony 325

Article Ⅸ．Authentication and Identification 326

Exercises　练习 328

1．Questions about the text 328

2．Dictation Two Principal Questions about Evidence 329

3．Mock Trial California v.O.J.Simpson 329

Supplementary Reading　补充读物及参考译文 333

Appendix Ⅰ:Reference Answers to the Questions about the Texts 附录一：关于课文之问题的参考答案 339

Appendix Ⅱ:Writing of a Legal Memorandum 附录二：法律备忘录的撰写 359