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VOLUME Ⅰ 1

Chapter One Land and People 1

Section One The British Isles and Great Britain 1

（1）Names and Position 1

（2）Physiographic Features 7

（3）Climate and Weather 10

（4）Factors Influencing English Weather 14

（5）Inland Water 15

（6）The English Language 17

Section Two People and the State 23

（1）People 23

（2）Party Politics 26

（3）Central Government 27

（4）Local Governments 29

（5）Law and Police 31

（6）Reform of the Law Court 33

（7）Legal Profession 35

（8）Police Force 35

（9）Religion 37

（10）Characteristics of the English People 40

（11）Generation Gap 43

Section Three National Economy 47

（1）General Survey 47

（2）Company Law and Framework of Industry 50

（3）Heavy and Light Industries 53

（4）The Textile Industries 55

（5）Agriculture 57

（6）Tansportation and Communication 59

（7）British Disease and Thatcher's Medicine 61

（8）Cities 64

Chapter Two English History 72

Section One Origion of the English Nation 72

（1）The native Celts and the Anglo-Saxon Conquest 72

（2）The Normans 78

（3）The Norman Conquest and Middle English 79

（4）Influence of the Norman Conquest 80

Section Two Beginning of Parliament and Decline of Feudalism 83

（1）Henry II and His Reform 83

（2）The Great Charter 85

（3）Beginning of Parliament 89

（4）The Hundred Years' War 91

（5）The Black Death 93

（6）The Peasant Uprising 94

（7）The Wars of the Roses 95

Section Three The Tudor Monarchy and the Rising Bourgeoisie 98

（1）The New Monarchy 98

（2）Renaissance in England 99

（3）The Three BigChurches of the World 103

（4）The Catholic Churchin the Middle Ages 104

（5）Revolt of the Protestants 105

（6）Reformationin England 106

（7）Elizabeth I 109

（8）Culture and Social Life 112

Section Four The En glish Bourgeois Revolution and the Industrial Revolution 114

（1）Background to the Revolution 114

（2）James I 114

（3）Charles I 116

（4）The Independents and Pilgrim Fathers 117

（5）The Short Parliment and Long Parliament 118

（6）Restoration 121

（7）Background to the Industrial Revolution 122

（8）Proccss of the Industrial Revolution 124

（9）Effect of the Industrial Revolution 126

（10）The Chartist Movement 128

（11）Queen Victoria and Her Time 130

Section Five The Rise and Fall of the British Empire 133

（1）Foreign Aggression 133

（2）The First World War and the Decline of the Empire 138

（3）Britain and the Second World War 140

Chapter Three Government and Politics and Education 146

Section One The Monarchy 146

Section Two The English Nobility 151

Section Three The House of Lords 154

Section Four The House of Commons 156

Section Five The British Government 161

Section Six Political Parties 163

Section Seven Educational System and Schools 167

Chapter Four 175

Section One Family and Life 175

Section Two Supplementary Material Britain's Papers,Radio and Television 189

VOLUME Ⅱ 194

Chapter One Panoramic View 194

Section One The United States and the Americans 194

（1）Name,Size and Position 194

（2）Government Principles and System 196

（3）The Federal Government 198

（4）The State Governments 201

（5）Local Governments 202

（6）Population 204

（7）The Melting Pot 211

（8）Distribution ofPeople 212

（9）Background to the Class Structure 215

（10）The Upper,Middle and Lower Classes 217

Section Two Geograp hical Features, Climate and Natural Resources 223

（1）The Atlantic Seacoast and the Appalachian Mountains 224

（2）The Great Mississippi River Basin 225

（3）The Rockies West to The Pacific Ocean 225

（4）Climate and Weather 227

（5）Rivers and Lakes 232

（6）Forests 236

（7）Mineral Resources 237

（8）Land Resources 239

（9）New Problem 239

Section Three National Economy and Cities 242

（ 1）The Market Sector 243

（2）The Corporate Sector 244

（3）The Public Sector 245

（4）Productive Power 247

（5）Economic and Trade Ties with China 248

（6）Industry and Cities 249

（7）Agriculture and Husbandry 261

（8）Transportation and Communication 264

（9）Current Problems 265

Chapter Two American History 271

Section One The Thirteen English-American Colonies and theWar of Indep endence 271

（1）The Founding of the Colonies 271

（2）The Early Immigrants 276

（3）Life in the Colonies 277

（4）The Boston Tea Party 283

（5）The First Continental Congress 284

（6）The First Armed Clash 284

（7）The Second Continental Congress 285

（8）The Declaration of Independence 287

（9）Military Struggle and Final Victory 289

Section Two Appearenceof the A merican Constitution and Terrtitorial Expansion 292

（1）America Following Independence 292

（2）The Constitutional Convention 293

（3）The American Constitution 296

（4）Washington as the First President 298

（5）Jefferson and the Purchase of Luisiana 299

（6）The Second War with England 301

（7）The Mexican War and Its Results 303

（8）Large Scale Expansion to the West 304

（ 9）Frontiersmen's Influence on Politics 309

（10）The Manroe Doctrine 311

Section Three The Civil War 312

（1）The Negro Slavery in America 313

（2）Conflicts Arising from Savery 315

（3）Abraham Lincoln 317

（4）M ilitary Contest in the Civil War 319

（5）The Emancipation Proclamation and Final Victory 321

（6）Lincoln's Death and American Concept of a Hero 322

（7）Effect of the Civil War 326

（8）Appearance of Monopoly Business 330

（9）The Federal Reserve Bank 332

（10）Imperialist Foreign Policy and War with Spain 333

（11）Aggression Against China 335

Section Four America During and After World War Ⅰ 336

（1）America's Neutrality 336

（2）America Entering the War 337

（3）America After the War 339

（4）The Great Depression 343

（5）Roosevelt's“New Deal” 345

（6）Comment on the“New Deal” 347

Section Five A merica During and After World War Ⅱ 349

（1）The Outbreak ofGeneral War 349

（2）Changes ofthe US Policy 351

（3）The Lend-Lease Bill 352

（4）America's Entrance Into the War 353

（5）America Atier the War 356

（6）Cold War and America's Containment 357

（7）Red Scare and Mecarthy Era 360

（8）Developments 361

（9）Demands for Reform 362

（10）The Beat Generation 366

（11）The Watergate Affair 367

Chapter Three Form of Government and Social Life 370

Section One Political Parties and Elections 370

Section Two The Federal Government 377

Section Three The US Congress 387

Section Four The Judicial Branch 393

Section Five Education and Schools 402

Section Six Employment,Life and Family 414

Chapter Four Supplementary Materials 430

Section One The US Radio and Television 430

Section Two The US Passport and Immigratlon Law 431

Section Three Federal Income Tax 440