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Unit 1 Automobile Basics 1

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Automotive History 2

1.3 Principal Components 2

1.3.1 Frame,Body and Chassis 3

1.3.2 Engines 3

1.3.3 Computer System 4

1.3.4 Fuel System 5

1.3.5 Electrical System 5

1.3.6 Cooling and Lubrication Systems 5

1.3.7 Exhaust and Emission Control Systems 6

1.3.8 Drive Train System 6

1.3.9 Suspension,Steering and Brake Systems 7

New Words 7

Translations 8

Exercises 9

Reading Material Automobile Propulsion Systems 10

Surf the Internet 12

Unit 2 Bodies 13

2.1 Body in White 13

2.2 Body Exterior 15

2.2.1 Bumpers 15

2.2.2 Grilles 16

2.2.3 Sill Covers and Side Airdams 16

2.2.4 Outer Moldings 16

2.2.5 Spoilers 17

2.3 Glass and Mirrors 17

2.3.1 Windshields 17

2.3.2 Door Windows 18

2.3.3 Quarter Glass 18

2.3.4 Back Windows 18

2.3.5 External Mirrors 18

2.3.6 Inside Mirrors 19

2.4 Movable Parts 19

New Words 22

Exercises 24

Reading Material Body Shape Evolution 25

Surf the Internet 28

Unit 3 Engines 29

3.1 Components 29

3.2 Four-Stroke Cycle 30

3.2.1 Intake Stroke 31

3.2.2 Compression Stroke 31

3.2.3 Power Stroke 32

3.2.4 Exhaust Stroke 32

3.3 Engines Subsystems 32

3.3.1 Oiling System 32

3.3.2 Engine Cooling 33

3.3.3 Valvetrains 33

3.3.4 Engine Balance 34

3.4 Automotive Engines 34

New Words 35

Translations 36

Exercises 36

Reading Material Valvetrains 37

Surf the Internet 41

Unit 4 Fuel System 42

4.1 Fuel Supply System 42

4.1.1 Fuel Tank 42

4.1.2 Fuel Lines and Hoses 43

4.1.3 Fuel Filter 45

4.1.4 Fuel Pump 45

4.2 Fuel Injection System 45

4.2.1 Gasoline Injection System 46

4.2.2 Electronic Fuel Injection 47

4.2.3 Diesel Injection System 49

New Words 50

Translations 51

Exercises 51

Reading Material Direct Injection 52

Surf the Internet 54

Unit 5 Electric System 55

5.1 Starting System 55

5.2 Charging System 56

5.3 Ignition System 57

5.3.1 Basic Ignition System 57

5.3.2 Typical Ignition System 59

5.4 Lighting System 61

5.4.1 Lamps 61

5.4.2 Light Sources 63

New Words 64

Translations 65

Exercises 66

Reading Material Ignition System Timing 67

Surf the Internet 68

Unit 6 Cooling and Lubrication Systems 69

6.1 Cooling System 69

6.1.1 Cooling System Function 69

6.1.2 Cooling System Operation 70

6.1.3 Typical Cooling System 71

6.1.4 Key Components 71

6.2 Lubrication System 74

6.2.1 Lubrication System Function 74

6.2.2 Lubrication System Operation 74

6.2.3 Key Components 76

6.2.4 Engine Lubrication System Technology 76

New Words 77

Translations 78

Exercises 79

Reading Material The Science of Synthetic Oils 79

Surf the Internet 82

Unit 7 Exhaust and Emission Control Systems 83

7.1 Exhaust System 83

7.1.1 Fundamentals 83

7.1.2 Key Components 84

7.2 Emission Control System 85

7.2.1 Motor Vehicle Emissions 85

7.2.2 Emission Control System 86

New Words 90

Translations 91

Exercises 91

Reading Material Top 7 Ways to Reduce Your Driving Emissions without Reducing Quality of Life 92

Surf the Internet 94

Unit 8 Suspension System，Steering System and Brake System 95

8.1 Suspension System 95

8.1.1 Fundamentals 95

8.1.2 Basic Suspension System 95

8.1.3 Independent and Non-independent Suspension System 96

8.2 Steering System 97

8.2.1 Fundamentals 97

8.2.2 Recirculating Ball Steering System 97

8.2.3 Rack-and-pinion Steering 99

8.3 Brake System 99

8.3.1 Fundamental 99

8.3.2 Typical Brake System 101

New Words 103

Translations 104

Exercises 105

Reading Material Anti-lock Braking System 106

Surf the Internet 109

Unit 9 Drive Trains and Axles 110

9.1 Clutch 111

9.1.1 Fundamentals 111

9.1.2 Clutch Operating Principle 111

9.1.3 Basic Clutch Parts 112

9.2 Manual Transmission 113

9.2.1 Fundamentals 113

9.2.2 Gear Fundamentals 113

9.2.3 Basic Transmission Parts 114

9.3 Automatic Transmission 115

9.3.1 Fundamental 115

9.3.2 Torque Converter 115

9.3.3 Planetary Gears 117

9.4 Drive Shaft 117

9.5 Differential and Rear Drive Axle 118

9.5.1 Fundamentals 118

9.5.2 Differential Action 119

9.6 Transaxle and Front Drive Axle 120

9.6.1 Transaxle 120

9.6.2 Front Drive axle Assembly 121

New Words 121

Translations 123

Exercises 124

Reading Material Continuously Variable Transmission(CVT) 124

Surf the Internet 126

Unit 10 Safety,Security,and Navigation Systems 128

10.1 Restraint System 128

10.1.1 Seat Belt Systems 128

10.1.2 Airbag Systems 130

10.2 Security Systems 133

10.2.1 Resistance Key 133

10.2.2 Transponder Key 133

10.3 Navigation Systems 134

10.3.1 Vehicle Tracking Systems 134

10.3.2 Night-vision System 134

New Words 135

Translations 136

Exercises 137

Reading Material Automotive Restraint Systems 137

Surf the Internet 139

参考文献 140