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Notes 1

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) 1

1.2 Theoretical System of TCM 1

1.3 Characteristic Features of TCM 2

1.4 The Concept of Wholism 3

1.5 Bianzheng Lunzhi 3

1.7 Treatment of Different Diseases with the SameTherapy 4

1.6 Treatment of the Same Disease with DifferentTherapeutic Methods 4

2 Yin-Yang and the Five Elements 5

2.1 Yin-Yang Doctrine 5

2.2 The Unity of Yin and Yang as Two Opposites 6

2.3 Interdependence between Yin and Yang 7

2.4 Wane and Wax of Yin and Yang 8

2.5 Transformation of Yin and Yang 8

2.6 Classification of the Structures of the Body in Termsof Yin and Yang 9

2.7 Equilibrium of Yin and Yang 10

2.12 An Excess of Yin 11

2.11 An Excess of Yang Producing Heat 11

2.8 Relative Excessiveness of Yin or Yang 11

2.10 Disorder of Yin Due to An Excess of Yang 11

2.9 An Excess of Yang 11

2.13 Disorder of　Yang　Due to An Excess of Yin 12

2.14 An Excess of Yin Producing Cold 12

2.15 Insufficiency of Yin or Yang 12

2.16 Deficiency of Yang 13

2.17 Insufficiency of Yin 13

2.18 Deficiency of Yang Affecting Yin 13

2.19 Deficiency of Yin Affecting Yang 13

2.20 Reestablishment of Yang from Yin 13

2.21 Reestablishment of Yin from Yang 14

2.22 Classification of Drugs in Terms of Yin and Yang 14

2.23 Five-Element Theory 15

2.24 Generation in the Five Elements 16

2.25 Restriction in the Five Elements 16

2.27 Violation in the Five Elements 17

2.28 Properties of the Five Elements 17

2.26 Encroachment in the Five Elements 17

2.29 Reinforcing the Mother-Organ in Case ofDeficiency-Syndrome 18

2.30 Reducing the Child-Organ in Case ofExcess-Syndrome 19

2.31 A Method of Providing Water for the Growth ofWood 19

2.32 Benefiting Fire to Reinforce Earth 20

2.33 Mutual Promotion of Metal and Water 20

2.34 Supplementing Metal by Way of Building up Earth 20

2.37 Assisting Metal to Subdue Hyperactivity of Wood 21

2.36 Inhibiting Wood to Support Earth 21

2.35 Warming Earth to Restrain Water 21

2.38 Purging the Heart-Fire(South)to Nourish theKidney-Water(North) 22

3 Phase of Viscera 23

3.1 Phase of Viscera 23

3.2 Viscera-Phase Doctrine 23

3.3 Five Zang-Organs 23

3.4 Six Fu-Organs 24

3.5 Qiheng（奇恒Extraordinary）Fu-Organs 24

3.6 The Heart 24

3.8 The Heart in Charge of Mental Activities 25

3.7 The Heart in Charge of Blood and Vessels 25

3.9 The Heart Responsible for Joy 26

3.10 The Heart Connecting Vessels and Its ConditionReflected in Complexion 26

3.11 Sweat Derived from Blood Regulated by the Heart 27

3.12 The Heart with Its Specific Orifice in the Tongue 27

3.13 The Lungs 28

3.14 Qi and Respiration Dominated by the Lungs 28

3.15 Dispersing and Descending Functions of the Lungs 29

3.16 Water Metabolism Regulated by the Lungs 30

3.19 The Lungs Responsible for Melancholy 31

3.17 Convergence of Blood Vessels in the Lungs 31

3.18 The Lungs in Charge of Coordination of FunctionalActivities 31

3.20 The Lungs Connected with the Skin and TheirCondition Reflected on Vellus Hairs 32

3.21 Nasal Discharge Derived from the Lungs 33

3.22 The Nose As the Window of the Lungs 33

3.23 The Spleen 33

3.24 The Spleen in Charge of Transportation andTransformation 34

3.25 The Spleen in Charge of Sending up EssentialSubstances 35

3.26 Blood Flow Controlled by the Spleen 36

3.27 The Spleen Responsible for Anxiety 36

3.29 Saliva Derived from the Spleen 37

3.28 The Spleen Related to the Muscles 37

3.30 The Spleen Having Its Body Opening in the Mouthand Its Outward Manifestations on the Lips 38

3.31 The Liver 38

3.32 Normal Flow of Qi Governed by the Liver 39

3.33 The Liver Storing Blood 41

3.34 The Liver Responsible for Anger 42

3.35 The Liver Related to Tendons with Its OutwardManifestations on the Nails 42

3.36 Tears Being the Secretion Derived from the Liver 43

3.38 The Kidneys 44

3.37 The Liver Having Its Specific Body Opening in theEyes 44

3.39 Essence Stored by the Kidneys 45

3.40 The Kidneys Domination Growth and Development 46

3.41 Reproduction Dominated by the Kidneys 47

3.42 Water Metabolism Governed by the Kidneys 47

3.43 The Kidneys Governing Reception of Air 48

3.44 The Kidneys Responsible for Fear 49

3.45 The Kidneys Dominating Bones with their PhysiologicalStates Reflected on Hairs 49

3.47 The Kidneys Having Their Openings in the Ears andTwo Yin-Orifices 50

3.46 Spittle Derived from Kidneys 50

3.48 The Gate of Life 51

3.49 The Gallbladder 52

3.50 The Gallbladder as a Fu-Organ for ContainingRefined Juice 52

3.51 The Gallbladder Storing and Excreting Bile 53

3.52 The Stomach 53

3.53 The Stomach Performing the Function of Receiveingand Decomposing Foodstuff 54

3.54 The Stomach as the Reservoir of Foodstuff 54

3.56 The Stomach-Qi 55

3.55 Descending Function of the Stomach 55

3.57 The Small Intestine 56

3.58 The Small Intestine Storing and Digesting Food 56

3.59 The Small Intestine Separating the Useful Substancesfrom the Waste Ones 57

3.60 The Large Intestine 57

3.61 The Large Intestine Conveying and TransformingWaste Products 58

3.62 The Urinary Bladder 58

3.63 The Urinary Bladder Storing and Discharging Urine 58

3.64 The Tri-Jiao 59

3.65 Tri-Jiao as a Passageway of Various Kinds of Qi 59

3.67 The Upper-Jiao 60

3.66 Tri-Jiao as a Pathway for Circulation of Fluid 60

3.68 The Middle-Jiao 61

3.69 The Lower-Fiao 61

3.70 The Brain 61

3.71 The Marrow 62

3.72 The Uterus 63

3.73 The Tiangui 63

3.74 The Interior-Exterior Relationship between theHeart and the Small Intestine 64

3.75 The Interior-Exterior Relationship between theLungs and the Large Intestine 64

3.76 The Interior-Exterior Relationship between theSpleen and the Stomach 65

3.77 The Interior-Exterior Relationship between theLiver and the Gallbladder 66

3.78 The Interior-Exterior Relationship between theKidneys and the Urinary Bladder 66

3.79 Relationship between the Heart and the Lungs 67

3.80 Relationship between the Heart and the Spleen 68

3.81 Relationship between the Heart and the Liver 69

3.82 Relationship between the Heart and the Kidneys 69

3.83 Relationship between the Lungs and the Spleen 70

3.84 Relationship between the Lungs and the Liver 71

3.85 Relationship between the Lungs and the Kidneys 72

3.86 Relationship between the Liver and the Spleen 73

3.87 Relationship between the Liver and the Kidneys 74

3.88 Relationship between the Spleen and the Kidneys 75

4 Qi,Blood and Body Fluid 77

4.1 Qi 77

4.2 Formation of Qi 77

4.3 Impulsing Function of Qi 78

4.4 Warming Function of Qi 78

4.5 Defending Function of Qi 78

4.8 Primordial Qi 79

4.7 Transforming Function of Qi 79

4.6 Controlling Function of Qi 79

4.9 Pectoral Qi 80

4.10 Qi of the Middle-Jiao 80

4.11 Nutritive Qi(Ying-Qi) 81

4.12 Defensive Qi(Wei-Qi) 81

4.13 Vital Qi(Genuine Qi) 82

4.14 Functioning of Qi 82

4.15 Blood 82

4.16 Formation of Blood 82

4.19 Circulation of Blood 83

4.18 Blood As Material Basis for Mental Activities 83

4.17 Blood Serving Nutritive Function 83

4.20 Body Fluid 84

4.21 Formation,Distribution and Excretion of BodyFluid 84

4.22 Functions of the Body Fluid 85

4.23 Qi As the Commander of Blood 85

4.24 Blood As the Mother of Qi 86

4.25 Body Fluid and Blood Derived from the SameSource 86

5.1 Meridian Doctrine 87

5.2 Channels and Collaterals 87

5 Meridian 87

5.3 Meridian System 88

5.4 Nomenclature of Twelve Regular Channels 89

5.5 Trends and Connexions of Twelve Regular Channels 89

5.6 Distributive Law of Twelve Regular Channels 90

5.7 Exterior-Interior Relations of Twelve RegularChannels 91

5.8 Order of Circulation of Qi-Blood in Twelve RegularChannels 91

5.9 Eight Extra Channels 92

5.10 Du Mai（督脉Du Channel） 92

5.12 Chong Mai（冲脉Chong Channel） 93

5.11 Ren Mai（任脉Ren Channel） 93

5.13 Dai Mai（带脉Dai Channel） 94

5.14 Yinwei Mai（阴维脉Yinwei Channel）and YangweiMai（阳维脉Yangwei Channel） 94

5.15 Yinqiao Mai（阴跷脉Yinqiao Channel）and YangqiaoMai（阳跷脉Yangqiao Channel） 94

5.16 Branches of Twelve Regular Channels 94

5.17 Fu Luo（浮络Superficial Collaterals） 95

5.18 Sun Luo（孙络Minute Collaterals） 95

5.19 Twelve Skin Areas 95

5.21 Physiological Functions of Meridian 96

5.20 Twelve Channel-Musculatures 96

6 Etiology and Occurrence of Disease 97

6.1 Disease 97

6.2 Occurrence of Disease 97

6.3 Cause of Disease 98

6.4 The Theory of Three Categories of Etiologic Factors 99

6.5 Liu Yin（六淫Six Climate Conditions in Excess asPathogenic Factors） 100

6.6 Characteristics of the Six Climatic Conditions inExcess as Pathogenic Factors 100

6.7 Wind-Pathogen 101

6.8 Cold-Pathogen 102

6.9 Summer-Heat Pathogen 103

6.10 Damp-Pathogen 104

6.11 Dry-Pathogen 105

6.12 Fire (Heat)-Pathogen 106

6.13 Epidemic Pathogenic Factor 107

6.14 Internal Impairment by Seven Emotions 108

6.15 Emotions and Qi and Blood in Internal Organs 108

6.16 Features of Seven Emotions as Pathogenic Factors 109

6.17 Improper Diet 110

6.18 Imbalance between Work and Rest 111

6.19 Traumatic Injury 112

6.20 Phlegm Retention 113

6.21 Formation of Phlegm Retention 114

6.22 Pathogenic Characteristics of Phlegm Retention 115

6.23 Blood Stasis 116

6.24 Formation of Blood Stasis 116

6.25 Pathological Characteristics of Blood Stasis 117

6.26 Vital Qi 118

6.28 Insufficiency of Vital Qi as the Intrinsic Factorin the Causation of Disease 119

6.29 Pathogens as the Predominant Factor in the Causationof Disease 119

6.27 Pathogenic Factor 119

6.30 No Occurrence of Disease-the Outcome of the Victoryof Vital Qi over Pathogens 120

6.31 Occurrence of Disease-the Outcome of the Victory ofPathogens over Vital Qi 120

6.32 Environment as a Factor in the Causation of Disease 121

7 Pathogenesis 123

7.1 Pathogenesis 123

7.2 Wax or Wane of Vital Qi and Pathogens 123

7.3 Excess Syndrome 124

7.4 Deficiency Syndrome 125

7.6 Genuine or Pseudo-Excess or Deficiency Syndrome 126

7.5 A Combination of Deficiency and Excess Syndromes 126

7.7 Recovery from Disease as a Result of Victory of VitalQi over Pathogens 127

7.8 Development of Disease as a Result of Victory ofPathogens over Vital Qi 128

7.9 Imbalance between Yin and Yang 129

7.10 Relative Excessiveness of Yin or Yang 130

7.11 Heat Syndrome Due to an Excess of Yang 131

7.12 Cold Syndrome Due to an Excess of Yin 131

7.13 Relative Deficiency of Yin or Yang 132

7.14 Cold Syndrome Due to Yang-Deficiency 133

7.16 Mutual Impairment of Yin and Yang 134

7.15 Heat Syndrome Due to Yin-Deficiency 134

7.17 Deficiency of Yin Affecting Yang 135

7.18 Deficiency of Yang Affecting Yin 135

7.19 Geju（格拒Opposition and Exclusion）of Yin andYang 136

7.20 Yang Kept Externally by Yin-Excess in the Interior 137

7.21 Yin Kept Externally by Yang-Excess in the Interior 137

7.22 Yin Depletion 138

7.23 Yang Depletion 138

7.24 Derangement of Qi and Blood 139

7.25 Deficiency of Qi 139

7.26 Disorder of Qi 140

7.27 Stagnation of Qi 141

7.28 Reversed Flow of Qi 141

7.29 Collapse of Qi 142

7.30 Blockage of Qi 143

7.31 Exhaustion of Qi 143

7.32 Deficiency of Blood 144

7.33 Blood Stasis 144

7.34 Blood-Heat 145

7.36 Failure of Qi to Control Flow of Blood 146

7.35 Stagnation of Qi and Blood Stasis 146

7.38 Deficiency of Both Qi and Blood 147

7.39 Failure of Qi and Blood to Nourish Channels 147

7.37 Exhaustion of Qi Resulting from Hemorrhage 147

7.40 Disturbance in Fluid Metabolism 148

7.41 Insufficiency of Body Fluid 149

7.42 Disturbance in Distribution and Discharge ofBody Fluid 150

7.43 Water Retention Leading to Stagnation of Qi 151

7.44 Exhaustion of Qi Resulting from Depletion ofBody Fluid 151

7.46 Blood Stasis Due to Loss of Body Fluid 152

7.45 Blood Inadequacy Due to Exhaustion of 152

Body Fluid 152

7.47 Five Endogenous Pathogens 153

7.48 Endogenous Wind 153

7.49 Wind Syndrome Due to Hyperactivity of theLiver-Yang 154

7.50 Occurrence of Wind Syndrome in Case of ExtremeHeat 154

7.51 Wind Syndrome Due to Yin-Deficiency 154

7.54 Endogenous Cold 155

7.53 Wind Syndrome Due to Blood Inadequacy 155

7.52 Wind Syndrome Due to Blood-Deficiency 155

7.55 Endogenous Dampness 156

7.56 Endogenous Dryness 156

7.57 Endogenous Heat 157

7.58 Pathogenesis of Zang-Fu Organs 158

7.59 Relative Excessiveness of Heart-Yang 159

7.60 Relative Deficiency of Heart-Yang 160

7.62 Impairment of the Heart-Blood 161

7.61 Insufficiency of Heart-Yin 161

7.63 Stagnation of the Heart-Blood 162

7.64 Deficiency of the Lung-Qi 162

7.65 Impairment of the Lung s Dispersing and DescendingFunction 163

7.66 Deficiency of the Lung-Yin 164

7.67 Insufficiency of the Spleen-Qi 164

7.68 Deficiency of the Spleen-Yang 165

7.69 Insufficiency of the Spleen-yin 166

7.70 Stagnation of the Liver-Qi 166

7.72 Insufficiency of the Liver-Blood 167

7.71 Flaming Up of the Liver-Fire 167

7.73 Hyperactivity of the Liver-Yang 168

7.74 Up-Stirring of the Liver 168

7.75 Insufficiency of the Kidney-Essence 169

7.76 Unconsolidation of the Kidney-Qi 169

7.77 Deficiency of the Kidney-Yin 170

7.78 Insufficiency of the Kidney-Yang 170

7.80 Deficiency of the Stomach-Yin 171

7.81 Stomach-Cold 171

7.79 Insufficiency of the Stomach-Qi 171

7.82 Stomach-Heat 172

8 Diagnostic Method 173

8.1 Diagnostic Method 173

8.2 Inspection 173

8.3 Observation of Vitality 174

8.4 Possession of Vitality 174

8.5 Loss of Vitality 175

8.6 Pseudo-Vitality 175

8.7 Observation of Complexion 176

8.8 White 176

8.10 Red 177

8.9 Yellow 177

8.11 Blue 178

8.12 Observation of Bodily Figure 179

8.13 Observation of Behavior 179

8.14 Observation of the Head and Hair 180

8.15 Observation of the Eyes 181

8.16 Observation of the Ears 181

8.17 Observation of the Nose 182

8.18 Observation of the Lips 182

8.19 Observation of the Teeth 183

8.20 Observation of the Throat 184

8.21 Observation of the Skin 184

8.22 Observation of Skin Eruption 185

8.23 Observation of the Miliaria Alba 186

8.24 Observation of the Tongue 186

8.25 Observation of the Tongue Proper 187

8.26 The Pale Tongue 187

8.27 The Red Tongue 188

8.28 The Crimson Tongue 188

8.30 The Enlarged Tongue 189

8.29 The Purplish Tongue 189

8.31 The Emaciated Tongue 190

8.32 The Fissured Tongue 190

8.33 The Indented Tongue 191

8.34 The Prickled Tongue 191

8.35 The Stiff Tongue 192

8.36 The Flaccid Tongue 192

8.37 The Wagging Tongue 193

8.39 Observation of the Tongue Fur 194

8.38 The Wry Tongue 194

8.40 The White Fur 195

8.41 The Yellow Fur 195

8.42 The Grey Fur 196

8.43 The Black Fur 197

8.44 Thickness of the Fur 197

8.45 Moisture of the Fur 198

8.46 The Greasy and Curdy Fur 199

8.47 The Exfoliative Fur 199

8.49 Observation of the Sputum 200

8.48 Observation of the Discharges 200

8.50 Observation of the Vomitus 201

8.51 Observation of the Stool 202

8.52 Observation of the Urine 203

8.53 Observation of Superficial Venules of the Infant s IndexFingers 203

8.54 Colour of the Superficial Venules of the Fingers 204

8.55 Length of Superficial Venules of the Fingers 204

8.56 Emerging Degree of the Superficial Venules of theFingers 205

8.57 Auscultation and Olfaction 205

8.59 Listening to the Speech Sounds 206

8.58 Listening to the Voice 206

8.60 Listening to the Breath 207

8.61 Listening to Cough 208

8.62 Smelling the Odours 208

8.63 Inquiring (Questioning) 209

8.64 Questioning about Chilliness and Fever 209

8.65 Chilliness and Fever 210

8.66 Chilliness without Fever 210

8.67 Fever without Chilliness 211

8.69 Questioning about Perspiration 212

8.68 Alternate Attacks of Chills and Fever 212

8.70 Spontaneous Perspiration 213

8.71 Night Sweating 213

8.72 Profuse Perspiration 213

8.73 Perspiration after Shivering 214

8.74 Perspiration on Forehead 214

8.75 Hemihidrosis 215

8.76 Polyhidrosis of Palms and Soles 215

8.78 Headache 216

8.77 Questioning about Pain 216

8.79 ChestPain 217

8.80 Hypochondriac Pain 218

8.81 Stomachache 219

8.82 Abdominal Pain 219

8.83 Lumbago 220

8.84 Pain of Extremities 220

8.85 Distending Pain 221

8.86 Heavy Pain 221

8.89 Burning Pain 222

8.88 Colicky Pain 222

8.87 Pricking Pain 222

8.90 Cold Pain 223

8.91 Dull Pain 223

8.92 Radiating Pain 223

8.93 Questioning about Condition of Sleeping 224

8.94 Insomnia 224

8.95 Drowsiness 225

8.96 Questioning about Diet and Taste 225

8.98 Appetite and Amount of Food 226

8.97 Thirst and Drinking 226

8.99 Taste 227

8.100 Questioning about Defecation 227

8.101 Questioning about Urination 228

8.102 Questioning about Menstruation 228

8.103 Questioning about Leukorrhea 229

8.104 Questioning about the Condition of a Child 229

8.105 Palpation 230

8.106 Pulse-Taking 230

8.107 Three Portions and Nine Pulse-Takings 230

8.109 Correspondence between Cun,Guan and Chi and Viscera 231

8.108 Cun,Guan and Chi 231

8.110 Method of Feeling the Pulse 232

8.111 Normal Pulse 233

8.112 Abnormal Pulse 234

8.113 Floating Pulse 234

8.114 Hollow Pulse 235

8.115 Scattered Pulse 235

8.116 Deep Pulse 235

8.118 Firm Pulse 236

8.117 Hidden Pulse 236

8.119 Slow Pulse 237

8.120 Moderate Pulse 237

8.121 Rapid Pulse 237

8.122 Swift Pulse 238

8.123 Feeble Pulse 238

8.124 Replete Pulse 239

8.125 Slippery Pulse 239

8.126 Hesitant Pulse 239

8.129 Indistinct Pulse 240

8.127 Thready Pulse 240

8.128 Soft Pulse 240

8.130 Weak Pulse 241

8.131 Full Pulse 241

8.132 Large Pulse 242

8.133 Taut Pulse 242

8.134 Tense Pulse 242

8.136 Intermittent Pulse 243

8.137 Running Pulse 243

8.135 Tympanic Pulse 243

8.138 Knotted Pulse 244

8.139 Long Pulse 244

8.140 Short Pulse 244

8.141 Tremulous Pulse 245

8.142 Coexisting Pulse 245

8.143 Deteriorated Pulse 245

8.144 Pulse Condition Indicating the Decay of Zang-Qi 245

8.149 Shrimp-Darting Pulse 246

8.148 Fish-Swimming Pulse 246

8.147 Bubble-Rising Pulse 246

8.146 Ten Strange Pulses 246

8.145 Seven Moribund Pulses 246

8.150 Roof-Leaking Pulse 247

8.151 Bird-Pecking Pulse 247

8.152 Rope-Untying Pulse 247

8 153 Knocking-Stone Pulse 247

8.154 Prognosis according to Relation between Pulseand Symptoms 247

8.155 Palpation 248

8.156 Palpation of the Skin 248

8.157 Palpation of the Extremities 249

8.158 Palpation of Xuli 250

8.159 Palpation of Epigastrium 250

8.160 Palpation of Abdomen 250

8.161 Palpation of Acupoints 251

9 Differential Diagnosis 252

9.1 Differential Diagnosis in Accordance with the EightPrincipal Syndromes（Bagang Bianzheng八纲辨证） 252

9.2 Differential Diagnosis of Interior or ExteriorSyndrome 252

9.3 Exterior Syndrome 252

9.6 Invasion from the Interior to the Superficies 253

9.4 Interior Syndrome 253

9.5 Invasion from the Exterior to the Interior 253

9.7 Co-Existence of Exterior Syndrome and InteriorSyndrome 254

9.8 Differential Diagnosis of Cold and Heat Syndromes 254

9.9 Cold Syndrome 255

9.10 Heat Syndrome 255

9.11 Simultaneous Occurrence of Cold and Heat Syndromes 255

9.12 Transformation of Cold Syndrome and Heat Syndrome 256

9.13 Heat Syndrome with Pseudo-Cold Symptoms 257

9.14 Cold Syndrome with Pseudo-Heat Symptoms 257

9.17 Excess Syndrome 258

9.15 Differential Diagnosis of Deficiency and Excess 258

9.16 Deficiency Syndrome 258

9.18 Deficiency Syndrome Complicated with Excess Syndrome 259

9.19 Transformation of Excess Syndrome to Deficiency Syndrome 259

9.20 Transformation of Deficiency Syndrome to ExcessSyndrome 260

9.21 Excess Syndrome with Pseudo-Deficiency Symptoms 260

9.22 Deficiency Syndrome with Pseudo-Excess Symptoms 261

9.23 Exterior Syndrome of Excess Type 261

9.26 Cold Syndrome of Excess Type 262

9.24 Exterior Syndrome of Deficiency Type 262

9.25 Cold Syndrome of Deficiency Type 262

9.27 Differential Diagnosis of Yin and Yang 263

9.28 Differential Diagnosis according to the State of Qi,Blood and Body Fluid 263

9.29 Qi-Deficiency Syndrome 264

9.30 Qi-Collapse Syndrome 264

9.31 Qi-Stagnation Syndrome 264

9.33 Blood-Deficiency Syndrome 265

9.34 Blood Stasis Syndrome 265

9.32 Syndrome of Adverseness of Qi 265

9.35 Blood-Heat Syndrome 266

9.36 Syndrome of Blood Stasis Due to Stagnation of Qi 266

9.37 Deficiency of Both Qi and Blood 267

9.38 Syndrome of Loss of Blood Due to Deficiency of Qi 267

9.39 Syndrome of Massive Hemorrhage Followed by Exhaustion of Qi 267

9.40 Insufficiency of Body Fluid 268

9.41 Wind-Phlegm Symdrome 268

9.42 Heat-Phlegm Syndrome 268

9.45 Dry-Phlegm Syndrome 269

9.43 Cold-Phlegm Syndrome 269

9.44 Damp-Phlegm Syndrome 269

9.46 Gastrointestinal Fluid Syndrome 270

9.47 Pleural Effusion Syndrome 270

9.48 Anasarca Syndrome 270

9.49 Superior-Phrenic Fluid Syndrome 271

9.50 Differential Diagnosis according to Theory of Zang-FuOrgans 271

9.51 Deficiency of Hear-Qi Syndrome 271

9.54 Deficiency of Heart-Yin Syndrome 272

9.53 Deficiency of Heart-Blood Syndrome 272

9.52 Deficiency of Heart-Yang Syndrome 272

9.55 Hyperactivity of Heart-Fire Syndrome 273

9.56 Syndrome of Mental Confusion Due to Phlegm 273

9.57 Syndrome of Phlegm-Fire Attacking the Heart 274

9.58 Syndrome of Stagnation of Heart-Blood 274

9.59 Syndrome of Deficiency of Lung-Qi 275

9.60 Syndrome of Deficiency of Lung-Yin 275

9.62 Syndrome of Cold-Pathogen Attacking the Lungs 276

9.63 Syndrome of Retention of Pathogenic Heat in theLungs 276

9.61 Syndrome of Wind-Cold Pathogen Tightening theLungs 276

9.64 Syndrome of Attack of the Lungs by PathogenicDryness 277

9.65 Syndrome of Accumulation of Phlegm-Dampness inthe Lungs 277

9.66 Syndrome of Damp-Heat in the Large Intestine 277

9.67 Syndrome of Deficiency of Fluid in the Large Intestine 278

9.68 Syndrome of Insufficiency of the Spleen-Qi 279

9.69 Syndrome of Deficiency of the Spleen-Yang 279

9.70 Syndrome of Collapse of the Spleen-Qi 279

9.71 Syndrome of Failure of the Spleen to Control BloodFlow 279

9.73 Syndrome of Retention of Damp-Heat in the Spleen 280

9.72 Syndrome of Retention of Cold and Dampness inthe Spleen 280

9.74 Syndrome of Stomach-Cold 281

9.75 Syndrome of Stomach-Heat 281

9.76 Syndrome of Retention of Indigested Food in theStomach 282

9.77 Syndrome of Deficiency of the Stomach-Yin 282

9.78 Syndrome of Stagnation of the Liver-Qi 282

9.79 Syndrome of Flaring Up of the Liver-Fire 283

9.80 Syndrome of Deficiency of the Liver-Blood 283

9.82 Syndrome of Hyperactivity of the Liver-Yang 284

9.83 Syndrome of Up-Stirring of the Liver-Wind 284

9.81 Syndrome of Deficiency of the Liver-Yin 284

9.84 Syndrome of Dampness and Heat in the Liver and the Gallbladder 285

9.85 Syndrome of Accumulation of Cold in the LiverChannel 286

9.86 Syndrome of Attack by Phlegm Due to Stagnationof the Gallbladder-Qi 286

9.87 Syndrome of Deficiency of the Kidney-Yang 287

9.88 Syndrome of Deficiency of the Kidney-Yin 287

9.89 Syndrome of Unconsolidation of the Kidney-Qi 288

9.90 Syndrome of Insufficiency of the Kidney-Essence 288

9.92 Syndrome of Breakdown of the Normal PhysiologicalCoordination between the Heart and the Kidneys 289

9.91 Syndrome of Damp-Heat in the Urinary Bladder 289

9.93 Syndrome of Deficiency of Yang in the Heart andthe Kidneys 290

9.94 Syndrome of Deficiency of Qi in the Heart and theLungs 290

9.95 Syndrome of Deficiency of Qi in the Lungs and theKidneys 290

9.96 Syndrome of Deficiency of Yin in the Lungs andthe Kidneys 291

9.97 Syndrome of Deficiency of Yin in the Liver andthe Kidneys 291

9.98 Syndrome of Deficiency of Yang in the Spleen andthe Kidneys 292

9.99 Syndrome of Deficiency of Qi in the Spleen andthe Lungs 293

9.100 Syndrome of Incoordination between the Liverand the Spleen 293

9.103 Syndrome of Invasion of the Lungs by the Liver-Fire 294

9.102 Syndrome of Deficiency of Qi and Blood in the Heart and the Spleen 294

9.101 Syndrome of Incoordination between the Liverand the Stomach 294

9.104 Differential Diagnosis in Accordance with the Theoryof Six Channels 295

9.105 Syndromes of Taiyang Disease 296

9.106 Taiyang Wind-Affection Syndrome 297

9.107 Taiyang Cold-Stroke Syndrome 297

9.108 Syndromes of Yangming Disease 298

9.109 Yangming Channel Syndrome 298

9.110 Yangming Fu-Organ Syndrome 299

9.112 Syndrome of Taiyin Disease 300

9.111 Syndrome of Shaoyang Disease 300

9.113 Syndromes of Shaoyin Disease 301

9.114 Cold Syndrome of Shaoyin 301

9.115 Heat Syndrome of Shaoyin 302

9.116 Syndrome of Jueyin Disease 303

9.117 Differential Diagnosis by the Analysis of Wei,Qi,Ying and Xue 304

9.118 Weifen Syndrome 304

9.119 Qifen Syndrome 305

9.120 Yingfen Syndrome 306

9.121 Xuefen Syndrome 306

9.123 The Damp-Heat Syndrome of the Upper-Jiao 307

9.122 Differential Diagnosis in Light of the Doctrineof Tri-Jiao 307

9.124 The Damp-Heat Syndrome of the Middle-Jiao 308

9.125 The Damp-Heat Syndrome of the Lower-Jiao 309

10 Prophylactico Therapeutic Principles 310

10.1 Prophylactico-Therapeutic Principles 310

10.2 Preventive Treatment of Disease 310

10.3 Control of the Development of an Existing Disease 311

10.4 Therapeutic Principles 311

10.6 Treatment Aiming at the Primary Cause of Disease 312

10.5 Therapeutic Methods 312

10.7 Routine Treatment 313

10.8 Treatment of Cold-Syndrome with Hot-Natured Drugs 314

10.9 Treatment of Heat-Syndrome with Cold-NaturedDrugs 314

10.10 Treatment of Deficiency-Syndrome by Reinforcement 314

10.11 Treatment of Excess-Syndrome by Purgation 315

10.12 Treatment Contrary to the Routine 315

10.13 Treatment of Pseudo-Heat Syndrome with Drugs ofHot Nature 316

10.14 Treatment of Pseudo-Cold Syndrome with Drugs ofCold Nature 316

10.16 Treatment of Discharging Disease with Purgatives 317

10.15 Treatment of Obstructive Disease with Tonic Drugs 317

10.17 Treatment of a Disease by Removing Its Cause or byMerely Alleviating Its Symptoms 318

10.18 Relieving the Secondary in an Urgent Case 319

10.19 Removing the Primary in a Chronic Case 319

10.20 Treating the Primary and the Secondary Aspects atthe Same Time 320

10.21 Supporting Vital Qi 321

10.22 Eliminating Pathogens 321

10.23 Supporting Vital Qi in Combination with Eliminating Pathogens 322

10.24 Eliminating Pathogens in Combination with SupportingVital Qi 323

10.26 Eliminating Pathogens before Support of Vital Qi 324

10.25 Supporting Vital Qi before Elimination of Pathogens 324

10.27 Regulation of Yin and Yang 325

10.28 Lessening the Excess State of Yin or Yang 325

10.29 Making up for Relative Deficiency of Yin or Yang 326

10.30 Regulation of Visceral Functions 327

10.31 Regulation of Qi and Blood 328

10.32 Treatment of Disease in Accordance with ThreeConditions(Seasonal Conditions,Local Conditionsand Constitution of an Individual) 330

10.33 Treatment in Accordance with Seasonal Conditions 330

10.34 Treatment in Accordance with Local Conditions 331

10.35 Treatment in Accordance with Constitution of anIndividual 331